A
- Adjusting screws
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The adjusting screws serve for fine adjustment of the movement. By tightening and slackening the screws, the inertia of the balance is adjusted and this in turn affects the accuracy of the movement.
- Angling
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Visual refinement of factory components, by a polished edge usually applied manually
- Appliqués
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Many terms in the field of watchmaking technology are sourced from the French language. An appliqué (from the French “appliqué and from the Latin “applicare”) refers to details which are applied to the dial. Most often, markings for hours as well as logos are done as appliqués.
- Automatic (or self-winding) Mechanism
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A mechanical movement that derives its energy from the motion of the wearer’s arm and thus does not require manual winding. The automatic winding of the watch is accomplished by a rotor that moves as long as the watch is kept in motion.
- Autoscan
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The autoscan is a patented Junghans technology that enables automation of our multi-frequency radio movements with the help of an integrated reception system identifying the current time-signal transmitter in a predetermined sequence DC F77.5, JJY40, JJY60 and WWVB, while synchronizing the time as necessary.
B
- Balance
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Oscillating system of a mechanical watch which specifies the running speed of the wheel train though its intrinsic oscillation time. The balance is an extremely accurate sub-assembly, consisting of the balance staff, the balance wheel, the hairspring and the double roller.
- Breguet hairspring
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On the Breguet hairspring, named after its inventor Abraham Louis Breguet, the final winding is bent upwards in a special end curve to a second level. This enables the hairspring to oscillate concentrically.
C
- Caliber
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In earlier days, the term caliber was used to refer to a mechanical clock movement, today it refers to all types of watch movements. The unitary measure used for the size of a caliber is the line (or ligne). The Paris line is an old linear measure used in the 17th and 18th century Europe-wide. A Paris line represents 1/12 inch, or 1/144 French foot. A line represents 2.255 mm. For instance, a watch movement with a size of 11.5 lines has a diameter of 25.9 mm.
- Ceramic
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Oxide ceramic materials are inorganic and non-metallic. They are formed at room temperature out of a paste and achieve their typical characteristics through a sintering process at high temperatures. Through sintering, ceramic becomes extremely hard and therefore scratch-resistant. It is also acknowledged as being skin friendly.
- Chronograph/Chronoscope
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“Chronograph” is used today to refer to a clock or watch that is equipped with the function of a stopwatch. However, this use of the term is not entirely correct since “chronograph” literally means “ time writer” (Greek graphein = to write). Because the additional function does not record the time but rather simply show the time, the correct term, which is also used among specialists, is actually “chronoscope” (Greek skopein = to observe).
- Chronometer
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The chronometer designation is created from the old Greek terms “Chronos” and “Metrom” and stands for extremely precise mechanical watches as they were once needed for measuring time to navigate ships and aircraft. A watch can only be designated as a chronometer if it is tested by an official control. Following successful testing during 15 days and nights in five different positions and at three different temperatures, the independent control facility then awards the watch its chronometer certificate.
- Côtes de Genève Finishing
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The “Cotes de Geneve” finishing is an even, stripe-shaped finishing on the components of a watch’s movement, which serves to be a refinement of the movement. At the end of the 19th century, detailed specifications for this decorative approach were first issued in Geneva.
- Crocodile Leather Strap
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Our crocodile leather straps are manufactured primarily from skins of Nile crocodiles or Mississippi alligators raised on authorized farms, and following current animal protection laws valid in the Federal Republic of Germany. Compliance to these guidelines is fully documented.
F
- Faraday Cage
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This term dates back to the English physicist Michael Faraday (1791 – 1867). The Faraday cage is an enclosure formed by conducting material (e.g. a watch’s stainless steel case) which serves as electrical shield. With electromagnetic waves (radio waves), the shielding effect works against the current in the conductive cage, which counteract the outer electromagnetic field. Special technical measures enable the antenna within the case of a Junghans radio-controlled watch to receive radio waves.
- Finishing
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Visual refinement and decoration of the movement for example with special elaborate stripe finishing, polished surfaces, blued screws.
- FSTN-Technology
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A special type of liquid crystal display. The Film Super Twisted Nematic LC D (FSTN) features a crystal layer and a polarization film positioned between the two glass sheets and the polarizers, and which serve to eliminate color deviations. This enables a remarkable contrast ratio to be achieved. Thanks to their functional principle area, FSTN displays are very legible from various angles.
G
- Gold chatons
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The jewel is set into these gold mountings which are generally pressed or screwed into the wheel bridge.
- Gold Plating
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Gold plating is applied to cases or bracelets via electroplating, by means of electrochemical separation of 18 carat gold. The gold coat thickness is measured in microns. 1 micron is one thousandth of a millimeter.
H
- Hairspring
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The hairspring is a thin, spiral wound flat wire that allows the balance to oscillate, forming the oscillating system with it. The hairspring is fixed to a collet at its inner end and to a stud at its outer end.
- Hand-Winding Movement
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Mechanical movement that sources its energy from a spring that is wound via the crown.
- Hard Plexiglass
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The chemical reference is polymethylmetahcrylate (PMMA) and was developed in 1928 and then brought to market in 1933 in Germany by Otto Röhm. Today, it is used in many applications as a shatter-proof, lightweight alternative to glass, for example in timepieces, eye glasses, reflectors, etc.
L
- Luminous Material
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Super-Luminova luminous material is a non-radioactive light pigment. The light effect is based on phosphorescence. Super-Luminova, however, requires charging via external light (ideally daylight). To reach maximum afterglow characteristics, a complete activation should take place. This charging-discharging process can be repeated indefinitely, without it resulting in wear.
M
- Moon-Phase Display
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Visual representation of the phases between two new moons by means of a disk partially visible through an aperture on the dial. The synodic month represents the average length of this period (lunation) with 29 days, 12 hours, 44 minutes, and 2.9 seconds.
- Multi-Frequency Radio-Controlled Movement
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Radio-controlled watch, which is able to receive signals from the DC F 77.5 transmitter in Europe as well as JJY40 and JJY60 in Japan and WWVB in North America.
- Multi-Frequency Radio-Controlled Solar Movement
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The multi-frequency radio-controlled solar movement combines absolutely precise time measurement with environmentally friendly solar technology, resulting in independence from limited energy sources.
P
- Precision adjustment
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The precision adjustment, generally performed via an eccentric or an elaborate regulating spring with adjusting screw, is an additional facility on the balance cock for precise adjustment of the regulator position. It determines the active hairspring length and the accuracy of the watch.
- PU Strap
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A watch strap cast of polyurethane (synthetic rubber), with skin friendly properties, very good resistance to water and chemicals, as well as good wearing properties.
- Pusher Lock
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Crowns or key functions can be locked to prevent unintentional change of adjustment.
- PVD Coated (Physical Vapour Deposition)
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Physical vapor deposition (PVD) is a method for coating watch cases, in which a thin film of pure metal is deposited by evaporation in a vacuum. PVD-coated cases are particularly scratch-resistant and skin-friendly.
Q
- Quartz Movement
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A movement that is run by an electric oscillator powered by a watch battery or a solar cell and regulated by a synthetic quartz crystal. (The rate difference is less than one second per day.)
R
- Radio-Controlled Movement
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A quartz-controlled movement that receives transmitted time information from the DC F 77 via a receiver integrated to the movement. The time displayed is compared and synchronized with the DC F 77 time signal every 12 hours.
- Radio-Controlled Watch
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A watch that receives a time signal from a central radio transmitter. Due to its continuous synchronization, the radio-controlled watch is the most accurate form of measuring time. In addition, it offers the convenience of switching automatically between standard time and daylight saving time.
- Ratchet
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The ratchet consists of a ratchet wheel, stop click and click spring. This unit allows the mainspring to be wound at the same time as preventing it from unwinding uncontrollably.
- Regulator
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The regulator is a part of the regulating device. The accuracy of the movement is adjusted by turning the regulator.
S
- Sapphire Crystal
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Watch glass made of industrially manufactured sapphire, which is extremely scratch-resistant due to its exceptional hardness.
- Shock Absorption
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Shock absorption refers to a watch’s safety device that prevents breaking or deforming the movement in the case of impact or impact force. In our mechanical watch movements, a system of shock absorbing balance wheel bearings is used.
- SICRALAN MRL UV – Exklusively at Junghans
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The SICRALAN MR L UV coating process was developed by the GfO in Schwäbisch Gmünd for suppliers in the automotive industry. Both German manufacturers – the GfO and the Junghans watch factory – transferred this proven process to timepiece glasses and have agreed on exclusivity. This transparent coating ensures functional and aesthetic added value: increased scratch-resistance, improved UV and chemical resistance, as well as a more intense Plexiglass gloss.
- Solar Watches
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A quartz movement complemented by solar technology. Key components are a solar cell, charging and discharging control as well as a memory. The glass solar cells and the memory are based on state-of-the-art manufacturing technologies. Our solar watches can function for up to 4 month without exposure to light.
- Split Function
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Display of interim times with a stopwatch, as the stopwatch continues to run in the background.
T
- Tachymeter
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A watch scale used to compute speed. If a chronograph is started at a marker, the point on the tachymeter scale adjacent to the second hand when passing the next marker will indicate the speed of travel between the two.
- Time Tunnel
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A testing facility developed at Junghans for radio-controlled watches. It enables checking whether the maximum guaranteed reception of our radio-controlled watches fulfills predefined requirements. Every radio-controlled watch produced at Junghans undergoes this test.
- Timing machine
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Test equipment for measuring the accuracy of mechanical watches. The timing machine enables the watchmaker to adjust the movement with the greatest possible degree of accuracy.
- Titanium
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Approximately 0.6 % of the earth’s crust is composed of titanium (Ti). Due to its low specific weight/tensile strength, and remarkable skin-friendliness, it is often used for watch cases and bracelets.
W
- Water-Resitance
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Junghans timepieces are tested for water-resistance according to DIN8310. This pressure testing applies only to brand-new watches. External factors, such as damage to the crown, latch or glass may influence water-resistance. Have your watch checked regularly.
- Wheel train
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The wheel train whose individual components are mounted in the wheel bridge serves to transmit the energy of the mainspring through a series of ratio levels to the escapement. In addition, the wheel train serves to drive the hands of the watch.
- Winding wheels
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The winding wheels transmit to the mainspring the energy added to the movement by winding the crown.
